Prostatitis and infertility

Page 4 of a 7-page collection of scientific abstracts on prostatitis and infertility

Abstracts on this page: Chlamydiae as pathogens  | Hyperthermia | Granulocyte elastase | Antisperm antibodies | Reactive oxygen species  | Down's syndrome | Pyospermia | Immunological aspects | Echography | Treatment with Enoxacin | Sexually transmitted diseases as causes of  male infertility | Sperm infection | Infectious dysfunction | Electrophoretic studies | Transvasovasostomy | Immunoglobulin E | Varicocele and male infertility | Seminal tract inflammation and male infertility | Asthenozoospermia | Genital mycoplasma infection | Page two of Infertility Abstracts  | Page four of Infertility Abstracts  | Page five of Infertility Abstracts  | Page six of Infertility Abstracts  | Page seven of Infertility Abstracts

(back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 92016237 Chlamydiae as pathogens--an overview of diagnostic techniques, clinical features, and therapy of human infections Oehme A; Musholt PB; Dreesbach K Institut fur Medizinische Mikrobiologie Westfalische Wilhelms- Universitat Munster Germany Klin Wochenschr 1991 Aug 1;69(11):463-73 Chlamydiae are gram-negative bacteria with obligate intracellular reproduction and disability to synthesize high-energy compounds such as atp. Their cycle of development is unique among the prokaryotes: the host cells, mainly epithelial cells, are infected by so-called elementary bodies (EB) which undergo reorganization to form metabolically active reticulate bodies (RB). These RB multiply by binary fission, and after transition into infectious EB they are released within 48-72 hours. Chlamydiae cause prolonged subclinical infections of the conjunctiva, lung, cervix, and urethra. Complications in newborns are inclusion conjunctivitis, nasopharyngitis and pneumonia; in females, salpingitis, infertility, and perihepatitis; in male patients, epididymitis and prostatitis; and in both sexes, chlamydiae-induced arthritis. Identification of the pathogenic agent confirms clinical diagnosis; tissue culture identification remains the diagnostic method of choice. Therapeutical drugs are tetracycline, erythromycin, josamycin, and in certain cases quinolone derivatives. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 91215410 Chronic abacterial prostatitis and hyperthermia. A possible new treatment? Servadio C; Leib Z Institute of Urology Beilinson Medical Centre Petah Tiqva, Israel. Br J Urol 1991 Mar;67(3):308-11 A group of 45 patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis or prostatodynia underwent 6 weekly, 1-hour sessions of local deep microwave hyperthermia (42.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C) to the prostate. All patients had a long history of symptoms typical of the condition. They all failed to respond to a variety of conventional treatments administered over several years by various specialists. Each patient served as his own control before and after the hyperthermic treatment. The results of this study are encouraging: 25% showed a sustained and complete loss of symptoms and 50% had a partial response; the remaining 25% reported no improvement. These results open up new possibilities in the treatment of this condition, which has so far responded poorly to conventional therapy. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 91131182 Generation of reactive oxygen species in subgroups of infertile men D'Agata R; Vicari E; Moncada ML; Sidoti G Calogero AE; Fornito MC; Minacapilli G; Mongioi A; Polosa P Department of Internal Medicine University of Catania Medical School Italy. Int J Androl 1990 Oct;13(5):344-51 The capacity to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), both basally and after stimulation with the calcium ionophore a23187, was examined in the motile fraction of sperm isolated after swim-up from the semen of 10 naturally fertile men and three groups of infertile patients. The latter included: (1) men with a non-bacterial inflammation of the genital tract (n = 10); (2) men unable to impregnate their partners during an intra-uterine insemination programme (iui) (n = 8) and their matched controls (n = 6); and (3) men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (hh) who remained infertile after induction of spermatogenesis with gonadotrophin or gonadotrophin-releasing hormone therapy (n = 3) and their matched controls (n = 3). The levels of ROS production were elevated in the sperm of some infertile men with inflammation of the genital tract compared to those found in 10 naturally fertile men. In addition, sperm from those patients who remained infertile after an iui programme produced higher amounts of ROS compared to their control group who became fertile. Similarly, the production of ROS by sperm from three patients with hh who remained infertile was significantly higher than those of the three men who became fertile. These data suggest that an excessive production of ROS by sperm may explain some cases of idiopathic male infertility. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90354110 Granulocyte elastase levels do not correlate with anaerobic and aerobic bacterial growth in seminal plasma from infertile men Cumming JA; Dawes J; Hargreave TB University Department of Surgery/Urology Western General Hospital Edinburgh, U.K. Int J Androl 1990 Aug;13(4):273-7 Seminal culture and leucocyte elastase measurements were undertaken on samples from 30 men attending an infertility clinic. Elastase levels over 1000 ng ml-1 were obtained in 14 men and positive bacterial culture in 11 men, but there was no correlation between these two sets of measurements. While granulocyte elastase measurement in semen may reflect inflammation, our study suggests that it cannot be used as a simple marker of infection particularly in a population such as ours where the prevalence of prostatitis and genital infection is low. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90350204 Association of antisperm antibodies with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis Jarow JP; Kirkland JA Jr; Assimos DG Department of Urology Bowman Gray School of Medicine Wake Forest University Medical Center Winston-Salem, North Carolina. Urology 1990 Aug;36(2):154-6 Antisperm antibodies are significant in male factor infertility. The prevalence of antisperm antibodies in the infertile population is approximately 10 percent, and it is not cost-effective to test for these antibodies in every male partner of an infertile marriage. Earlier studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of antisperm antibodies among men with a history of bacterial prostatitis or urethritis. Because of this established association, we measured the prevalence of serum antisperm antibodies, using a gel agglutination assay, in 28 men with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis and in age- matched control group of 69 men without a history of prostatitis. The prevalence was 25 percent (test subjects) and 7.2 percent (controls) (p less than 0.05). This finding indicates that nonbacterial prostatitis is a risk factor for the presence of serum antisperm antibodies and that subfertile men with a history of nonbacterial prostatitis should be tested for these antibodies. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90372506 Cases of Down's syndrome in children of young parents with chronic inflammatory genital diseases and secondary disorders of spermatogenesis Akush Ginekol (Mosk) 1990 May;(5):38-41 Nine births affected by down's disease in young families are reported. The mean age of fathers was 28.5 years and that of mothers 25.2 years. History revealed no parental exposures to occupational or household adverse factors or nutritional contaminants. The parents had normal karyotypes. However, a history of urogenital disease 1-3 years before the affected births was elucidated in all 9 families: three cases of gonorrhea, one case of trichomoniasis and nonspecific inflammation in the rest. After visits to genetic counseling clinics torpid urogenital infections were identified in all 9 couples: nonspecific prostatitis and urethroprostatitis in fathers, hysterosalpingoophoritis and vaginal dysbacteriosis in mothers. Teratozoospermia and oligozoospermia with abnormal sperm cell proportions of 56 to 92% occurred in the fathers. It is suggested that infectious-toxic disorders of chromosomal segregation during the meiosis may be a paternal cause of trisomy 21. The same mechanism is feasible in mothers. After reversal of urogenital infections and normalization of spermograms normal infants were born in 7 of 9 families, the other 2 currently refrain from childbirth. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90219542 Studies on pyospermia in male infertility Satoh S; Satoh K; Orikasa S; Maehara I; Takahashi M Hiramatsu M Department of Urology Tohoku University, School of Medicine Sendai, Japan Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 1990 Feb;81(2):170-7 Among 670 infertile men, 72 were diagnosed as pyospermia according to our criteria. I.e., WBC greater than or equal to 10/hpf semen. The sperm motile efficiency index (SMEI) which indicates the rate of progressively motile sperms, was significantly low in pyospermic group compared with that of non-pyospermic men (WBC less than 5/hpf semen). From the result of split ejaculation, a major cause of pyospermia was supposed to be chronic prostatitis. The SMEI was decreased immediately after addition of the neutrophils and granulocyte elastase to semen. The mean value of granulocyte elastase in pyospermic group was 2859.6 micrograms/l, whereas that of non-pyospermic men was 131.6 micrograms/l. In summary, granulocyte elastase in seminal plasma may be a cause of inhibition of sperm motility in pyospermic state. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90379434 Immunological studies of patients with chronic nonspecific prostatitis and infertility Stanislavov R; Tsvetkov D; Tsvetkova P Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) 1990;29(2):57-61 The authors studied carried out immunological studies on 20 men with chronic nonspecific prostatitis at reproductive age as well as on 10 healthy men included into the control group. Correlative investigations were made on the morphology of the ejaculate as well as on immunological parameters of seminal plasma aiming to establish the degree of the disturbed fertility. The immunological investigations included determination of albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins in the seminal plasma. In men with chronic prostatitis there was a reduction in the number of spermatozoa up to 39 mln/cm3 combined with lower motility and an increased percentage of teratoforms. The immunological studies showed statistically significant nonincreased values in all men with chronic prostatitis in comparison with healthy men of the control group. These results show that increased permeability of barriers of blood serum proteins participates in the pathogenesis of the disturbed fertility. It is apparent that the cause for sterility in the married couples is due to autoimmune process occurring in men with chronic nonspecific prostatitis. (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 91174562 Contribution of echography to the study of the andrologic patient Boronat F; Broseta E; Oliver F; Vera C; Vidal J Jimenez JF Servicio de Urologia Hospital de La Fe Valencia, Espana. Our experience in the ultrasonographic evaluation of the prostate and seminal vesicles in prostatitis and male infertility are reported herein. In our view, this noninvasive imaging technique must be performed before recurring to other methods that involve manipulation. Similarly, we discuss the possibilities of duplex doppler in the diagnosis of vascular disorders in the male consulting for impotence. We believe this simple noninvasive imaging technique can significantly reduce the number of patients that may require cavernosometry and cavernosography. SOURCE: Arch Esp Urol 1990;43 Suppl 1:101-7 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 90019546 Treatment of male genital infections with enoxacin Giorgi PM; Giorgi P; Canale D; Turchi P; Poggi MS Di Coscio M; Bartelloni M; Meschini P; Andreini F; Campa M; et al Inflammatory disease such as prostatitis and prostatovesiculitis, can affect the fertility potential of the male population. In this study, the Authors tested the therapeutical efficacy of a second generation quinolone, enoxacin, in patients suffering from vesicular and/or prostatic inflammations. This drug has been shown to diffuse into the prostatic fluid, achieving therapeutical concentrations either in acute or chronic pathological conditions. Thirty infertile patients referring to our Andrology Center and showing seminal signs (leukocytes, abnormal sperm forms, chemical and physical alterations, etc) of genital tract inflammations were found to have positive sperm culture for enoxacin- sensitive strains. Further investigations (echotomography) showed that they were affected by prostatic and/or vesicular subacute chronic inflammations. The mean age was 32.2 (range 20-36) ys. All the patients discontinued any previous treatment for at least 90 days. Enoxacin was administered at the dose of 300 mg b.i.d. For two cycles of 10 days each, with intervals of 20 days. At the beginning and at the end of the treatment (days 0 and 60), semen analysis and culture were performed. A paired-T test was employed for the statistical evaluation of data. 26.6% of patients ad an altered fluidification before treatment. Only 10.0% of them showed the same sign after treatment. A condition of hyperviscosity was present in 50% and 16.6% of patients before and after treatment respectively. Likewise, an elevated number of leukocytes (greater than 10(6)/ml) occurred in the ejaculates of 43.3% of patients and in 23.3% after enoxacin treatment. Enoxacin treatment was efficacious in 89.2% of cases, in presence of either Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) NLM PUBMED CIT. ID: 2529639 SOURCE: Arch Ital Urol Nefrol Androl 1989 Sep;61(3):235-41 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89370718 Sexually transmitted diseases as causes of disorders of male fertility Krause W; Weidner W Abt. Andrologie Med. Zentrum fur Hautkrankheiten Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Germany Infections with sexually transmitted germs may affect the male fertility in different ways. Possible consequences are impairment of the spermatogenesis, induction of auto-immune mechanisms, spermatodysfunction, and inflammatory occlusion of the ejaculatory duct. Only in high concentrations, bacteria (e.g. E. Coli) may result in reducing the motility of spermatozoa. The germ counts observed under clinical conditions, however, do not come up with these high levels. The same is true for mycoplasmas. As a whole, sexually transmitted infections only play a minor role with regard to male infertility. NLM PUBMED CIT. ID: 2672650 SOURCE: Z Hautkr 1989 Jul 15;64(7):596, 599-601 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89161733 Infection of the sperm in male sterility Arvis G Service d'Andro-Urologie Hopital Saint-Antoine, Paris. Sperm infection is a classic cause of infertility. But, it cannot be considered without a minimum of precautions. First, infection of the sperm must be proven (presence of altered leucocytes, even higher than 10(5) or 10(6)/ml is not sufficient). What are the consequences of sperm infection? For many germs, especially chlamydiae and mycoplasma, the effect on sperm is not recognized or demonstrated. Once the infection is recognized, an etiology must be found: unrecognized chronic urethritis, prostatitis and/or chronic vesiculitis, chronic epididymitis. The infection must be adequately treated: according to the germ, according to the results of the resistance to antibiotics, according to the etiology. The author concludes that a true sperm infection is very rare; but it must be looked for as soon as it is suspected, especially in patients with a recent history of genital infection. Therefore an effective treatment of infertility is possible. SOURCE: Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet 1989 Feb;84(2):106-8 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89213548 Study of the accuracy of physical and biochemical markers in semen to detect infectious dysfunction of the accessory sex glands Comhaire FH; Vermeulen L; Pieters O Department of Internal Medicine State University Hospital Ghent, Belgium Infection of the male accessory sex glands may result in impaired secretory function and alteration of the composition of seminal plasma. Using receiver operating characteristic curves and accuracy tests, the power of several biochemical and physical markers was evaluated for their ability to discriminate between semen of infected and noninfected infertile men. The total output of citric acid had the strongest discriminating power, followed by acid phosphatase and gamma- glutamyltranspeptidase. Measurement of the concentration of fructose was found to be nondiscriminatory. SOURCE: J Androl 1989 Jan-Feb;10(1):50-3 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89260262 Electrophoretic study of protein secretion by the prostate gland in chronic prostatitis and pathospermia Mikhailichenko VV; Pupkova LS; Kozlov AV Disk electrophoresis of prostatic secretion proteins in polyacrylamide gel has been employed in examinations of 294 normal subjects and sterile patients with oligo- and asthenospermia in the presence of and without chronic prostatitis. The electrophoregrams have been examined visually; the electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of individual fractions relative to the length of the indicator run has been determined. Analysis of the electrophoretic picture, the microscopy findings of examinations of prostatic secretion and the ejaculate, and of the blood levels of sex and gonadotrophic hormones in the patients has revealed that the progress of the inflammatory process in the prostate is associated with a drastic decrease of the concentrations of prostatic secretion proteins with a high molecular mass and an increased level of low-molecular proteins. Abnormal spermatogenesis without prostatic inflammation is linked with a different pattern of prostatic protein levels. A specific electrophoretic picture is characteristic of congestive prostatitis, this helping to differentiate this condition from prostatic inflammations. High informative value and good reproducibility of disk electrophoresis of the prostatic secretion proteins recommend this method for wide use in practical andrology. SOURCE: Lab Delo 1989;(4):8-11 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89055915 Transvasovasostomy--an alternative operation for obstructive azoospermia Hamidinia A, Division of Urology Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield, Illinois Five patients with obstructive azoospermia are presented. They were evaluated by a complete history, physical examination and semen analysis, including fructose studies, and serum testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone determinations. A history or suspected history of epididymitis or prostatitis was identified in 4 patients and a history of iatrogenic obstruction was found in 3. All patients underwent testicular biopsy which showed normal spermatogenesis. A vasogram was crucial in determining the site of obstruction. All patients underwent transvasovasostomy through the scrotal septum. patients had encouraging postoperative sperm counts and fertility has been demonstrated by induction of pregnancy in 2 cases. SOURCE: J Urol 1988 Dec;140(6):1545-8 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89148725 Immunoglobulin E in serum and semen of infertile men. Ekladios EM; Girgis SM; Salem D; Fahmy IM; Mostafa T Khalil GR Microbiology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University, Egypt. Determination of IGE level in serum and semen of 92 men by an enzymatic immuno-assay method verified its presence in semen of most of them (92.3%) in much smaller amount than that present in serum (2.6%). IGE levels in serum and semen were significantly correlated. serum levels were significantly higher in men with obstructive azoospermia, specially when associated with infection. Serum levels of ige were higher in the fertile men, and in cases without infection as compared with those with prostatitis though this difference was not significant. SOURCE: Andrologia 1988 Nov-Dec;20(6):485-91 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89147399 Urogenital inflammations: aetiology, diagnosis and their correlation with varicocele and male infertility Gattuccio F; Di Trapani D; Romano C; Turtulici B Milici M; Pavone C; D'Alia O; Alaimo R; Latteri MA Dipartimento di scienze chirurgiche ed anatomiche Universita di Palermo, Italy The urogenital inflammations may be considered as "apparatus pathology". We analyze only inflammatory diseases of the prostate gland, because it may be extensible to the entire male genital apparatus. Among aethiological agents of infections an important role belongs to Chlamydia and Mycoplasma; we describe various methods for diagnosis of the Chlamydia and Mycoplasma infections. When objective clinical findings are poor or absent (such in prostatosis and prostatodynia) the transrectal ultrasonography demonstrates characteristic pictures useful for diagnosis and follow-up. Our clinical data and anatomo-pathological remarks suggest a real correlation between varicocele and genital inflammations (26%). This association doesn't represent the only cause of infertility, but frequently reduces the probability of male fertility. SOURCE: Acta Eur Fertil 1988 Jul-Aug;19(4):201-8 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 89131513 Seminal tract inflammation and male infertility Correlations between leukospermia and clinical history, prostatic cytology, conventional semen parameters, sperm viability and seminal plasma protein composition. Colpi GM; Roveda ML; Tognetti A; Balerna M Urology Department Civil Hospital of Magenta Milan, Italy. A retrospective clinical evaluation of various types of semen analyses from infertile couples attending our infertility clinic was undertaken with the scope of studying the possible correlation between seminal inflammation and infertility. The parameters considered were leukospermia (severe, slight, constant or non-constant), clinical history (anamnestic data possibly inferring inflammation), conventional semen parameters, sperm viability (as assessed by capillary tube in vitro penetration test) and seminal plasma proteins patterns (SDS- PAGE). History data such as dysuria, urinary infection, cystitis symptoms and hematospermia were found to be significantly more frequent in infertile men with than in those without leukospermia. Leukospermia in itself did not seem to affect the conventional semen parameters such as total sperm count, motility (at 45 and 180 min) and/or morphology. The seminal volume could represent an exception to this rule. Furthermore, leukospermia did significantly affect sperm viability as evaluated by the capillary tube penetration test. Leukospermia was also significantly coupled to alterations of the seminal plasma protein composition (increase of the albumin concentration, decrease of prostatic markers and other anomalies). SOURCE: Acta Eur Fertil 1988 Mar-Apr;19(2):69-77 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 88234632 Prostaglandin levels in infertile patients affected by asthenozoospermia and prostatitis Freixia R; Rosello J; Ramis I; Abian J; Bulbena O, Brassesco M; Gelpi E Department of Neurochemistry Centro de Investigation y Desarrollo Barcelona, Spain. 19-hydroxy-prostaglandins and prostaglandins of the E series (19-OH Pges) were estimated in the seminal plasma of asthenozoospermic patients (n = 15) and individuals affected by prostatitis (n = 10) and compared to controls (n = 13) and secretory azoospermic patients (n = 8). All of them were free from infections (except individuals affected by prostatitis), biochemical and ultrastructural problems. The results indicate that endogenous prostaglandin levels (19-OH pges and pges) bear no correlation either to motility or absence of spermatozoa. Significant increases of pges were observed in patients affected with prostatitis. Surprisingly PGE levels showed no correlation with the levels of 19-OH pges. SOURCE: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 1988 Jan;31(1):41-4 (back to top) NLM CIT. ID: 88071930 Genital mycoplasma infections--clinical aspects, diagnosis and therapy Hofmann H Univ. Hautklinik Homburg/Saar, Germany Ureaplasma urealyticum und Mycoplasma hominis are frequently isolated from the urogenital tract of sexually active persons. Their pathogenetic role in urogenital infections and infertility are still controversial. U. Urealyticum can cause urethritis and most likely also chronic prostatitis. M. Hominis can cause cystitis, salpingitis, and postpartal fever in women and meningitis in newborns. M. genitalium was recently isolated from patients with urethritis and salpingitis. The diagnosis is made by the cultivation of mycoplasmas in high concentrations and rising antibody titers in the serum. As in chlamydial infections, the therapy of first choice is tetracyclin. M. hominis can also be treated with clindamycin, U. Urealyticum with erythromycin.

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